In the United States (2010), an estimated 24,120 cases of liver cancer occurred , and the disease caused 18,910 deaths. In fact, the incidence of HCC in the United States has doubled in the last 20 yeaes. The annual incidence of developing HCC is 1.5% in patients with compensated cirrhosis and 4% in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Survival for liver cancer remains poor, with the 1-year survival rate being only 47%.Risk factors for HCC include chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, cirrhosis, and alcohol intake.
Early detection increases survival. Surveillance for HCC allows for early detection of liver lesions when treatment will be most effective. Screening tests include ultrasonography, CT scan, or magnetic resonance imaging every 6 months for those at risk for HCC. Although not currently recommended by the American Association for the study of liver Diseases (AASLD), many healthcare providers incorporate serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) testing into the every 6-month screening despite the mixed results of studies and the differing levels at which the AFP level is deemed sensitive and specific.
In the United States (2010), an estimated 24,120 cases of liver cancer occurred , and the disease caused 18,910 deaths. In fact, the incidence of HCC in the United States has doubled in the last 20 yeaes. The annual incidence of developing HCC is 1.5% in patients with compensated cirrhosis and 4% in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Survival for liver cancer remains poor, with the 1-year survival rate being only 47%.Risk factors for HCC include chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, cirrhosis, and alcohol intake. Early detection increases survival. Surveillance for HCC allows for early detection of liver lesions when treatment will be most effective. Screening tests include ultrasonography, CT scan, or magnetic resonance imaging every 6 months for those at risk for HCC. Although not currently recommended by the American Association for the study of liver Diseases (AASLD), many healthcare providers incorporate serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) testing into the every 6-month screening despite the mixed results of studies and the differing levels at which the AFP level is deemed sensitive and specific.
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