Case Finding
A two-phase procedure was used at baseline evaluation
(1999/2000), consisting of a cognitive screening phase and
an extensive neuropsychological assessment of those positive at screening in order to identify prevalent dementia
cases. The screening phase included a standardized personal
interview for collection of data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, medical history, functional status, evaluation of depressive symptoms, and measurement of global
cognitive function with the Italian version of the Mini
Mental State Examination (MMSE)12; a standardized medical and neurological examination; and collection of fasting
venous blood samples. For subjects unable to answer because of physical or mental impairments, information was
obtained from relatives and general practitioners. Previous
medical records were available for approximately 90% of
participants and prevailed in any case of discrepancy with
health data from the participants themselves. Participants
with MMSE score less than 24 and greater than 9 underwent further standardized neuropsychological assessment
validated for use in Italian subjects.13 Whenever recent neuroradiological data were not available, the subject was
scheduled for a noncontrast computed tomography brain
scan. Standardized information about functional and mental status of subjects positive at cognitive screening was also
obtained from a collateral informant (a relative or any other
person with a reliable knowledge of the individual, including the subject’s medical practitioner). International standard criteria were used for diagnosis of dementia,14 AD,15
and VaD.16 Subjects affected by major sensory-motor deficits or any psychiatric condition other than dementia
deemed to hamper a reliable cognitive assessment and for
whom it could not be ascertained whether there had been a
decline from a previously higher functioning level were
considered to be cognitively unclassifiable.
Case FindingA two-phase procedure was used at baseline evaluation(1999/2000), consisting of a cognitive screening phase andan extensive neuropsychological assessment of those positive at screening in order to identify prevalent dementiacases. The screening phase included a standardized personalinterview for collection of data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, medical history, functional status, evaluation of depressive symptoms, and measurement of globalcognitive function with the Italian version of the MiniMental State Examination (MMSE)12; a standardized medical and neurological examination; and collection of fastingvenous blood samples. For subjects unable to answer because of physical or mental impairments, information wasobtained from relatives and general practitioners. Previousmedical records were available for approximately 90% ofparticipants and prevailed in any case of discrepancy withhealth data from the participants themselves. Participantswith MMSE score less than 24 and greater than 9 underwent further standardized neuropsychological assessmentvalidated for use in Italian subjects.13 Whenever recent neuroradiological data were not available, the subject wasscheduled for a noncontrast computed tomography brainscan. Standardized information about functional and mental status of subjects positive at cognitive screening was alsoobtained from a collateral informant (a relative or any otherบุคคลที่ มีความรู้เชื่อถือได้ของแต่ละบุคคล รวมทั้งผู้ประกอบการทางการแพทย์ของเรื่อง) ใช้เกณฑ์มาตรฐานสากลสำหรับการวินิจฉัยโรคสมองเสื่อม 14 AD, 15และ เรื่อง VaD.16 ที่รับผลกระทบจากการขาดดุลทางประสาทสัมผัสของมอเตอร์หลักหรือเงื่อนไขใด ๆ ทางจิตเวชไม่ใช่สมองเสื่อมถือว่าขัดขวางการประเมินรับรู้เชื่อถือได้และซึ่งไม่อาจ ascertained ว่า ได้มีการลดลงจากระดับสูงก่อนหน้านี้ทำงานได้ถือเป็น cognitively unclassifiable
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