The immunity and protective capability produced by vaccines can vary remarkably according to the kinds
of adjuvants being used. In the case of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines in pigs, only oil-adjuvant
vaccines have been used, and these tend to show lower immunity in pigs than in cattle. New adjuvants for
these vaccines are therefore needed. We made different experimental FMD vaccines using new adjuvants
(ISA 201, Carbigen, Emulsigen-D) and well-known adjuvants (ISA 206, aluminum hydroxide gel) and then
conducted tests to compare the enhancement in pig immunity. More effective immune responses and
protection against challenge were observed with the new adjuvants Emulsigen-D and ISA 201 compared
to existing adjuvants. In the case of dairy goats, a mixture of Emulsigen-D and aluminum hydroxide gel
produced rapid neutralizing antibody responses that were similar to results from tests conducted with
pigs