Geography
Canada is the second largest country in the world by total area after Russia, and makes up most of northern North America. Canada's territories extend up to the Arctic circle, though most of this land is covered in a thick layer of ice. The Canadian Forces Station Alert is the farthest north settlement in the world, located not far from the North Pole.
To the south, Canada shares the world's longest land border with the United States, as well as the world's longest coastline. Alaska, completely separated from the contiguous United States, is located to the north-west of Canada, extending out toward Russia.
Canada's terrain is mountainous, with the coast mountains and rocky mountains, and heavily forested. Canada contains more fresh water than any other country in the world in its 31,700 lakes.