Groundwater flow, however, seems
remarkably persistent on the 1% gradient of the
gravel plains, feeding dozens of perennial springs
and small saline pans (Eckardt et al. 2001; Eckardt
and Drake 2011). The closest and one of the most
saline of these (approximately five times ocean
salinity) is Hosabes spring (Figs 2 and 3e), a 3 km
walk from the Vogelfederberg approach road (Day
and Seely 1988). The saline springs on the gravel
plain are amongst the most saline waters in sub