As far as we know, this is the first time that the effects of water and nitrogen stresses on the formation of grapevine inflorescences have been quantified. Our results highlight the interest and feasibility of such approaches, but give rise to new questions. The first point is related to the insertion rank of latent buds because our experiments were based on grapevine spur-pruned to two nodes per spur. But trose (1974) showed that reduction of bud fertility induced by a water stress changed with the bud insertion rank on the shoot. The second point relates to the level of water and nitrogen stresses, which in our work were not severe. Therefore the question remains if the shape of the relationships between bud fertility or berry number per bunch in season 2 and predawn, FTSW and LNC during the critical period of season 1 will change with bud insertion rank beyond 2 and for severe water and N stresses and if combined with stressful temperatures. This appears important to deal with other cultivars that are pruned in a different way (e.g. cane pruning) and under different climates.