We suggest
that urban animal ecological research can go one step forward by
considering (i) biogeographical patterns in the behavioral features
and species traits associated with urbanization success/failure, (ii)
long-term population and individual level studies associated with
behavioral ecological research to evaluate if and why urban habitats
are either sink or source habitats for populations, and (iii)
experimental landscape-scale studies of how different species are
adapting to different levels of urbanization.