Copper alloys have been widely used in seawater and related brines, such as in thermal desalination plants, for many years, generally with excellent
results. They are commonly used for piping, valves, pumps and heat exchanger tubing, but have found many other applications. Figure 1 shows
copper-nickel piping on a chemical tanker, while Figure 2 shows copper-nickel tubing in an oil cooler. Such oil coolers have been in use for 10 to
15 years without problems