How should the part of such august building be proportioned? Vitruvius supplied the answer . His famous code of human proportions should be reflected in those of temples and churches. Vitruvius described how a well-built man fits with extended arms and legs into the most perfect geometrical figures, the circle and square . this simple concept seemed to contain some deep and fundamental truth and it haunted the imagination of architects and artists.
Indeed it had been present, intermittently, in many minds since the Middle Ages. The Christian mystic, Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179), for instance , referred to it and illustrations of it appeared in illuminated manuscripts of her works. But its importance for Renaissance architects was compelling and in about 1485-9 Leonardo made a drawing of it with a translation into Italian of Vitruvius's Latin text appended in his own hand (11.20) During these years he and Bramante were working for the Sforza duke of Milan, and Bramante presumably knew this drawing as well as the numerous projects for centrally planned and domed churches that Leonardo made at the same time. Though none foreshadows the Tempietto precisely, Bramante's debt to Leonardo is evident. Their association remained close after they both left Milan in 150o and when Leonardo visited Rome in 1504 he may well have contributed to the conception of the Tempietto. The strictly symmetrical concentric effect of Bramante's design came near to realizing Alberti's and Leonardo's ideal Christian church: a free-standing centrally planned building crowned with a hemispherical dome symbolizing the universe and reflecting celestial harmony in its proportions and geometry of pure forms. The effect was, however, partly lost by the design not having been fully carried out. The Tempietto was not intended to stand in a square courtyard, it was to have been sarrounded by a circular cloister of 16 columns corresponding to those of the colonnade. When approached through the cloister, the lucidity of the whole radial composition would have been apparent .
ควรลานส่วนของอาคารเช่นสิงหาคมอย่างไร วิทรูเวียสให้คำตอบ รหัสของเขามีชื่อเสียงของสัดส่วนมนุษย์ควรปรากฏในของวัดและโบสถ์ วิทรูเวียสอธิบายว่า คนหุ่นเหมาะกับกับขยายแขนและขาเป็นตัวสมบูรณ์แบบที่สุด geometrical เลข วงกลมและสี่เหลี่ยม แนวคิดเรื่องนี้ดูเหมือนจะ มีบางลึก และพื้นฐานความจริง และก็ผีสิงจินตนาการของสถาปนิกและศิลปินIndeed it had been present, intermittently, in many minds since the Middle Ages. The Christian mystic, Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179), for instance , referred to it and illustrations of it appeared in illuminated manuscripts of her works. But its importance for Renaissance architects was compelling and in about 1485-9 Leonardo made a drawing of it with a translation into Italian of Vitruvius's Latin text appended in his own hand (11.20) During these years he and Bramante were working for the Sforza duke of Milan, and Bramante presumably knew this drawing as well as the numerous projects for centrally planned and domed churches that Leonardo made at the same time. Though none foreshadows the Tempietto precisely, Bramante's debt to Leonardo is evident. Their association remained close after they both left Milan in 150o and when Leonardo visited Rome in 1504 he may well have contributed to the conception of the Tempietto. The strictly symmetrical concentric effect of Bramante's design came near to realizing Alberti's and Leonardo's ideal Christian church: a free-standing centrally planned building crowned with a hemispherical dome symbolizing the universe and reflecting celestial harmony in its proportions and geometry of pure forms. The effect was, however, partly lost by the design not having been fully carried out. The Tempietto was not intended to stand in a square courtyard, it was to have been sarrounded by a circular cloister of 16 columns corresponding to those of the colonnade. When approached through the cloister, the lucidity of the whole radial composition would have been apparent .
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