Polysaccharides based hydrogels are of great interest mainly for biomedical applications particularly due to their biocompatibility and similarity with biological systems. Xanthan gum is a branched and high molecular weight polysaccharide with acidic characteristic predominantly produced by Xanthomonas campestris. It is largely used as thickener agent in food, cosmetics and drilling fluids. It is composed by d-glucosyl, d-mannosyl, and d-glucuronyl acid residues in a 2:2:1 molar ratio and variable proportions of O-acetyl and pyruvyl residues. Side-chains consist on a trisaccharide composed of mannose ( β-1,4) glucuronic acid ( β-1,2) mannose, attached to alternate glucose residues in the backbone by α-1,3 linkages. The deprotonation of O-acetyl and pyruvyl residues at pH > 4.5 increases negative charge density along the xanthan chains, enabling their physical crosslinking mediated by Ca2+ions. Xanthan can also be chemically crosslinked by using adipic acidic dihydrazide , sodium trimetaphosphate(STMP) and citric acid, a non-toxic crosslinker for polysaccharides.
Polysaccharides based hydrogels are of great interest mainly for biomedical applications particularly due to their biocompatibility and similarity with biological systems. Xanthan gum is a branched and high molecular weight polysaccharide with acidic characteristic predominantly produced by Xanthomonas campestris. It is largely used as thickener agent in food, cosmetics and drilling fluids. It is composed by d-glucosyl, d-mannosyl, and d-glucuronyl acid residues in a 2:2:1 molar ratio and variable proportions of O-acetyl and pyruvyl residues. Side-chains consist on a trisaccharide composed of mannose ( β-1,4) glucuronic acid ( β-1,2) mannose, attached to alternate glucose residues in the backbone by α-1,3 linkages. The deprotonation of O-acetyl and pyruvyl residues at pH > 4.5 increases negative charge density along the xanthan chains, enabling their physical crosslinking mediated by Ca2+ions. Xanthan can also be chemically crosslinked by using adipic acidic dihydrazide , sodium trimetaphosphate(STMP) and citric acid, a non-toxic crosslinker for polysaccharides.
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Polysaccharides based hydrogels are of great interest mainly for biomedical applications particularly due to their biocompatibility and similarity with biological systems. Xanthan gum is a branched and high molecular weight polysaccharide with acidic characteristic predominantly produced by Xanthomonas campestris. It is largely used as thickener agent in food, cosmetics and drilling fluids. It is composed by d-glucosyl, d-mannosyl, and d-glucuronyl acid residues in a 2:2:1 molar ratio and variable proportions of O-acetyl and pyruvyl residues. Side-chains consist on a trisaccharide composed of mannose ( β-1,4) glucuronic acid ( β-1,2) mannose, attached to alternate glucose residues in the backbone by α-1,3 linkages. The deprotonation of O-acetyl and pyruvyl residues at pH > 4.5 increases negative charge density along the xanthan chains, enabling their physical crosslinking mediated by Ca2+ions. Xanthan can also be chemically crosslinked by using adipic acidic dihydrazide , sodium trimetaphosphate(STMP) and citric acid, a non-toxic crosslinker for polysaccharides.
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