wide host range and distribution (turf, peanut, peach, walnut, grapes)
coarsely striated cuticle atypical movement; crawling rather than sinusoidal
sedentary ectoparasite - feeds anywhere along root for long periods
long stylet inserted into subcortical and cortical tissue with little disturbance
slight feeding cell modifications (callose deposition, increased # of ribosomes, cytoplasmic reticulum, and plasmodesmata)
feed from one cell up to 5 days!!!
considered a weak ectoparasite, causing little damage unless in present in very high numbers