Major barriers to successful implementation include high costs and capacity
constraints.
It is important to incorporate concerns that several of the proposed measures and actions in
these ambitious plans are subject to very high investment and operating costs, particularly costs
of technologies and infrastructures which can become an important barrier to successful
implementation of the plans. Some of the key barriers for the energy sector include, for
instance, limitation of grid connection due to inadequate capacity of transmission lines, lack of
support by financial institutions for energy efficiency and renewable energy investments, lack of
domestic technological and technical resources and negative public perception particularly
against waste-to-energy and biomass power plants. Several measures require a high level of
technical capacity and effective coordination across different sectoral agencies, whereas such
technical capacity and effective coordination in a developing country like Thailand is currently
lacking. For renewable energy development in particular, the International Energy Agency also
cited some of the above-mentioned barriers as common barriers for renewable energy
deployment in developing countries. Domestically, Thailand has launched several support
mechanisms such as feed-in tariffs, tax incentives and access to investment grants and venture
capital to promote renewable energy. However, to achieve ambitious and more rapid renewable
energy deployment, incentives have to be created for technology developers to cooperate and