The fast-changing complexities of the multinational environment require
managers to gain and create knowledge quickly (Punnett & Shenkar, 2007, p. 485). The
knowledge that managers need may be unavailable, or the need may be specific to the
company's business strategy (Punnett & Shenkar, 2007, p. 485). In either case, the need
to source intelligence for oneself lends to the self-improvement techniques of selfleadership.