2.3. Nutritional evaluation of the bread added chia (S. hispanica L.)
flour or seeds
2.3.1. Proximal composition and calorific value
The moisture (method number 935.29), ash (method number
923.03), protein (micro-Kjeldahl method, number 920.87) and total
dietary fiber (method number 985.29) contents of the breads were
determined according to the methods of the Association of Official
Analytical Chemists International e AOAC (2005). The lipid content
(method number 954.02) was determined by acid hydrolysis according
to the AOAC method (2005). The carbohydrate content was
obtained by the difference.
The caloric value of the loaves was calculated using the coefficients
of Atwater (Watt & Merrill, 1963), based on the caloric
coefficients corresponding to the protein, carbohydrate and lipid
contents.
2.3.2. Profile of the fatty acids
The lipids were extracted from the loaves using the acid hydrolysis
method (AOAC, 2005). The extent of transformation into
methyl esters and the fatty acid composition were determined
according to the AOAC (2005) methods using a Thermo model
Focus GC gas chromatograph with a FID detector.
The chromatographic conditions that were used were as follows:
an initial column temperature of 100 C for 4 min, increasing
to a final column temperature of 240 C at a rate of 3 C min1. The
injector temperaturewas 225 C, and the detector temperaturewas
285 C. Helium was used as the carrier gas, and an SP2560
100 m 0.25 mm capillary column was used. The results were
expressed in g of fatty acids per 100 g of total lipids.