The Department of Health have required that all NHS Hospitals must have in place MRSA screening for all elective patients by April 2009 and for all emergency patients by April 2011 (DoH, 2007). All staff who have contact with MRSA positive patients have a responsibility to ensure that they adhere to the necessary wound and skin precautions as advised by the Infection Prevention and Control Team (IPCT). Screening swabs should be taken from patients whether elective or an emergency who are about to undergo insertion of a nephrostomy tube. This includes replacement of an existing nephrostomy tube. Screening should ideally occur 2-4 weeks prior to the procedure taking place, with the goal of decolonization occurring pre-admission also. In the event that this has not occurred pre-admission, screening must take place upon arrival to the ward.