Data on the characteristics of population
multinational were obtained from Fortune Global 500
2010, 2011 and 2012 lists. Data for their branches in
China in our sample were obtained from China’s
Ministry of Commerce Census, which falls in the middle
of our study’s period. The data for rivals and local
market in China were obtained from Fortune China 500
2010, 2011 and 2012 lists and National Bureau of thousands of miles between the capital cities of the focal
firm’s home country and the host country, respectively.