Traditionally inland access was of lesser importance because most of the warehousing was directly adjacent to port terminals. These facilities stored the freight related to maritime shipping and this freight moved inland as orders were being filled. The situation substantially changed with containerization. Containers are bound directly to their destinations with only temporary stacking at port terminals. The importance has shifted to the capacity of inland transport systems to handle high container throughputs related to port terminals. For large ports, providing inland distribution capacities has become one of the most serious challenges with initiative such as on-dock rail access and transshipments to/from barges.