Q.3. Kammaṭṭhāna
In Buddhism, kammaṭṭhāna is a Pali word which literally means the place of work. Figuratively it means the place within the mind where one goes in order to work on spiritual development. More concretely, it refers to the forty canonical objects of meditation, listed in the third chapter of the Visuddhimagga.
Of the forty objects meditated upon as kammatthana:
1. The first ten are 'things that one can behold directly', 'kasina', or 'a whole':
(1) earth, (2) water, (3) fire, (4) air, wind, (5) blue, green, (6) yellow, (7) red, (8) white, (9) enclosed space, (10) bright light.
2. The next ten are objects of repulsion (asubha):
(1) swollen corpse, (2) discolored, bluish, corpse, (3) festering corpse, (4) fissured corpse, (5) gnawed corpse, (6,7) dismembered, or hacked and scattered, corpse, (8) bleeding corpse, (9) worm-eaten corpse, (10) skeleton.
3. Ten are recollections (anussati):
First three recollections are of the virtues of the Three Jewels:
(1) Buddha
(2) Dharma
(3) Sangha
Next three are recollections of the virtues of:
(4) morality (Śīla)
(5) liberality (cāga)
(6) the wholesome attributes of Devas
Recollections of:
(7) the body (kāya)
(8) death (see Upajjhatthana Sutta)
(9) the breath (prāna) or breathing (ānāpāna)
(10) peace (see Nibbana).
4. Four are stations of Brahma (Brahma-vihara):
(1) unconditional kindness (mettā)
(2) compassion (karuna)
(3) sympathetic joy over another's success (mudita)
(4) evenmindedness, equanimity (upekkha)
5. Four are formless states (four arūpajhānas):
(1) infinite space
(2) infinite consciousness
(3) infinite nothingness
(4) neither perception nor non-perception.
6.One is of perception of disgust of food (aharepatikulasanna).
7. The last is analysis of the four elements (catudhatuvavatthana): earth (pathavi), water (apo), fire (tejo), air (vayo).
Q.3. KammaṭṭhānaIn Buddhism, kammaṭṭhāna is a Pali word which literally means the place of work. Figuratively it means the place within the mind where one goes in order to work on spiritual development. More concretely, it refers to the forty canonical objects of meditation, listed in the third chapter of the Visuddhimagga.Of the forty objects meditated upon as kammatthana:1. The first ten are 'things that one can behold directly', 'kasina', or 'a whole':(1) earth, (2) water, (3) fire, (4) air, wind, (5) blue, green, (6) yellow, (7) red, (8) white, (9) enclosed space, (10) bright light.2. The next ten are objects of repulsion (asubha):(1) swollen corpse, (2) discolored, bluish, corpse, (3) festering corpse, (4) fissured corpse, (5) gnawed corpse, (6,7) dismembered, or hacked and scattered, corpse, (8) bleeding corpse, (9) worm-eaten corpse, (10) skeleton.3. Ten are recollections (anussati):First three recollections are of the virtues of the Three Jewels: (1) Buddha(2) Dharma(3) SanghaNext three are recollections of the virtues of: (4) morality (Śīla)(5) liberality (cāga)(6) the wholesome attributes of DevasRecollections of: (7) the body (kāya)(8) death (see Upajjhatthana Sutta)(9) the breath (prāna) or breathing (ānāpāna)(10) peace (see Nibbana).4. Four are stations of Brahma (Brahma-vihara):(1) unconditional kindness (mettā)(2) compassion (karuna)(3) sympathetic joy over another's success (mudita)(4) evenmindedness, equanimity (upekkha)5. Four are formless states (four arūpajhānas):(1) infinite space(2) infinite consciousness(3) infinite nothingness(4) neither perception nor non-perception.6.One is of perception of disgust of food (aharepatikulasanna).7. The last is analysis of the four elements (catudhatuvavatthana): earth (pathavi), water (apo), fire (tejo), air (vayo).
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