Omerzel & Antoncic (2008) found that entrepreneurial knowledge could have beneficial effects on a firm‟s growth and profitability. They also stated that it is a characteristic of entrepreneurs to need different knowledge during different periods of enterprise growth and thus need to continually develop their knowledge. Another characteristic feature is that typical entrepreneurs rarely know which skills they lack and what knowledge they need to successfully manage their enterprises (Tajnikar 2000; Omerzel & Antoncic 2008). Therefore, it is important that management accounting is used to fulfill the needs of SME entrepreneurs, based on their knowledge and perceived needs. Management accounting research in SMEs remains a neglected and unfashionable area despite its critical role in modern businesses (Mitchell & Reid 2000; Nandan 2010). This paper aims to study the perception of and need for management accounting by SME entrepreneurs in northern Thailand, the relationship between these perceptions and needs, and the differences in these perceptions and needs between SE and ME entrepreneurs. The findings would enhance SME entrepreneurs‟ capabilities and competencies. The paper is organized into five sections. Following this introduction, the second section reviews prior research, research questions, research hypotheses, and the conceptual framework of this study. The third section discusses the research methodology, including the sample size and statistical tools used in this study. The fourth section presents and discusses the research results. The final section offers conclusions.