The contents of a dehisced seed pod (collected by Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden) were emptied onto a clean sheet of white paper, then transferred into a clean culture jar with a sealable lid. Added to the jar was 100 ml of 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and less than half a drop of liquid soap (acted as a surfactant). The jar was sealed, and solution was agitated with vortex for 60 seconds, allowed to incubate for 10 minutes, then agitated again for 60 seconds, and allowed to incubate once again until all soap bubbles dissipated. The jar and all materials were sterilized before being placed in a laminar flow hood. The sterilized seeds were then poured into another jar fitted with filter paper, adding more hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as necessary to suspend and remove any remaining seeds from the jar. The filter paper with the seeds was then removed and allowed to dry before the seeds were sown onto the culture media.