Another modality of governance is a mix of civilizing and disqualifying policies directed toward populations that are considered uncompetitive and the resist state efforts to make them more productive, in the eyes of the state. Official views of aboriginal peoples are highly ambivalent; they are a potential source for augmenting the Malay race and for attracting tourist dollars in them parks. Administrators and developers also view aboriginal groups as backward and wasteful, frequently an obstacle to state projects and corporate development. Officials seek to lure the aborigines away from their nomadic life in the jungles and to persuade them to settle. Although aboriginal groups are also technically bumiputera and, like the Malays, entitles to special affirmative-action rights, in practice they have access to these rights only if they abandon the aboriginal way to life and integrate into the larger Malay population by becoming agricultural producers. Jungle dweller who resist the civilizing mission of schools, sedentary agriculture, markets, and Islam are left to their own devices in the midst of destruction caused by the encroaching logging companies. Generally, aboriginal groups in practice enjoy very limited protection vis-a’-vis their territory, their livelihood, and their cultural identity. The Penan foragers of Sarawak have developed two responses to territorial encroachment, each of which is shaped by a different sense of the Malaysian government’s sovereignty. The Eastern Penan’s blockade of logging activities has won them international attention; whereas the Western Penan have acquiesced to logging as part of their acceptance of Malaysian rule. Either way, the risks to their survival as viable cultural, self-reproducing groups are enormous; in practice they are struggling mightily against encroachments that estrange them from their nomadic way of life, and reclassify them as would-be Malays and their lands as areas for development. Aboriginal groups in practice thus enjoy very limited protection via-a’-vis their territory, their livelihood, and their cultural identity. Frequently, the state seeks to evict rebel populations and open up their resource-rich areas to timber logging and the construction of golf courses and dams. Irredentist and outlaw groups also dwell in such “brown areas”, and Southeast Asia is riddled with internal colonies of poverty and neglect. Again, theses abandoned areas emerge not out of sheer neglect but out of a neoliberal calculation to invest in and insert groups differently into the processes of global capitalism. Such gradations of governing may be in a continuum, but they overlap with performed racial, religious, and gender hierarchies and further fragment citizenship for people who are all citizens of the same country.