The third factor contributing to the difficulties in protecting the economic interests of
copyright owners is the absence of a Copyright Collecting Society (CCS) in the Thai education sector. The IP Court in Decision No. 784/254240 outlined this problem and suggested the
establishment of a CCS as follows: ‘... it does not appear that the printing house who is the copyright owner in
this case has appointed a representative for granting of permission to use right
in Thailand. If students, teachers or photocopy shops which are
representatives of such persons in Thailand must request permission from the
copyright owner for a justified duplication, it does not appear how such
persons or organizations must proceed.’41