Although there have been clarion calls within ASEAN for greater expres-sion of democratic values, there are disparities in the inculcation of these values in different member countries, reinforcing the point that political integration is impossible to attain in the near future. This disparity is also captured in Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland’s “Democracy and Dictatorship Revisited Dataset” which categorizes states as “democratic,” “democratic with no alternation” (regimes that have remained in power since national inde-pendence or formation), and “undemocratic.” The poll shows that Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines are democratic governments; Malaysia and Singapore fell into the “democratic with no alternation” category; and Brunei
Darussalam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnam are “undemocratic.”23