a) Butanol production by C. acetobutylicum XY16 using the hydrolysate generated by GVL/water solution with 41 g/L total sugars. The hydrolysate was heated at 393 K for 60 min in an oil bath to hydrolyze any oligomers to glucose and xylose. The fermentation medium contains 30.1 g/L glucose, 10.5 g/L xylose, and 0.4 g/L Arabinose. Arabinose was combined into glucose due to its low concentration.