In the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study [11], artificially sweetened beverages were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes in the age-adjusted analysis. However, participants who consumed artificially sweetened beverages were more likely to have reported either weight gain or weight loss before the start of the study, to have tried a low-caloriAe diet, and to have factors associated with a risk of diabetes such as family history of diabetes, prevalence of hypertension, and use of diuretics, and consumption of artificially sweetened beverages was not associated with diabetes after adjustment for these confounders. In our study participants, diet soda consumption was associated not only with BMI and total energy intake, but also with lifestyle factors associated with the risk of diabetes, such as