That takes us to the final factor in explaining the new shift in attention to the developing areas. With the Cold War in full bloom in the developing world, the U.S. government initiated a variety of new scholarship programs, language and area studies training programs, and fellowships to lure faculty and students into studying the developing nations. Most of the big foundations-Rockefeller, Ford, and Macarthur-followed suit, borty on the humanitarian grounds of wanting to assist poor nations but also as a way of supporting U.S. government programs. The present author was himself a product of this largesse, going all through graduate school and living abroad for long periods on the basis of new U.S. government and foundation grants aimed at training a new generation of specialists in the developing world. Such grants and fellowships were meant to shift the focus of scholarly attention and inquiry away from Western Europe, where it had traditionally been concentrated, and toward the developing nations.