Between 2001 and 2008, a smaller number of persons entered the United States than in the previous decade (Office of Immigration Statistics, 2008). It is estimated that the U.S. population consists of 33 million who are foreignborn, accounting for 12% of the total population (Congress of the United States, 2004). Foreign-born refers to all residents who were not U.S. cit¬izens at birth, regardless of their current legal or citizen status