During the lessons, the students were having a difficult time understanding the difference between cause and effect. The students would often give a good example of cause and effect, but would get confused as to what the effect was and what the cause was. This was something that was observed when the students were asked to act out an example of cause and effect in the first lesson. This first lesson about cause and effect started with a picture of a penguin that was covered in oil from an oil spill. As a class, the students were deeply affected by this picture and we spent a great deal of time discussing it.