IntroductionIn the last decades, en

Introduction
In the last decades, enormous attention has been paid to health liter-
acy due to its influence on health behaviours and health outcomes and
there is a robust body of literature focusing on this relationship.1-4
However, two main aspects are still discussed by the research commu-
nity for this concept to be fully considered as an effective approach. One
concerns its conceptualization, as to date there is not a unique defini-
tion for it, and the other one its measurement.5 The most commonly
used measures have focused on assessing reading, writing, and numer-
acy skills.6 Although so far the tools measuring these functional skills
have shown a well-established relationship between health literacy and
health outcomes,3 these tools fail to capture more advanced health liter-
acy skills needed by individuals to function properly within a health care
context,7 including decision-making, analytical thinking, pondering
abilities, information use, informatics and communicative skills. These
advanced skills among others allow patients to be autonomous in navi-
gating the health care system, participate actively in their own and their
families’ health care, make informed decisions, and collaborate effi-
ciently with healthcare professionals. All this points towards the need to
develop reliable tools that can assess skills that go beyond these func-
tional abilities. Different attempts have been carried out to develop
other measures able to capture more advanced health literacy skills.
Chew et al.8 for instance developed a screening tool to assess individu-
als’ understanding of health material and the use of this; Ishikawa et al.9
went further and developed a screening tool assessing different dimen-
sions of health literacy such as individuals’ capabilities to extract health
information, derive meaning from it (communicative literacy), and crit-
ically use it (critical literacy). Despite these noticeable efforts to
advance health literacy measurement, findings from other studies using
these tools are inconclusive regarding their capacity to measure more
advanced health literacy dimensions.10,11 Another recent approach that
fits into the conceptualization of advanced health literacy skills has been
proposed by Schulz and Nakamoto.12 One of the dimensions of the
authors’ theoretical framework, known as judgment skills, focuses on
the individuals’ abilities to adapt and apply health information accord-
ing to the health context. These skills allow the individual to subtract
and generalize information, to build knowledge that can be applied dif-
ferently according to the situation.12 Thus, it has been hypothesized that
individual with higher judgment skills are able to respond better to a
particular health situation. The conceptualization of judgment skills has
been recently and successfully operationalized in a scenario based-tool
for the context of asthma self-management.13
The tool was developed in the asthma context because this chronic
condition poses high demands on patients’ self-care routines. Patients
need to follow strict medical regimens, use medicines properly, avoid
asthma triggers, and recognize symptoms. However, if asthma health
information is not properly understood and integrated by patients, a
proper asthma control is difficult to achieve, which is at the end the
final purpose for managing this condition. Therefore, the characteris-
tics present in asthma self-management make it an appropriate condi-
tion to develop and test the proposed judgment skills. In addition to
this, it has been pointed out by other authors that health literacy skills
should involve more content-specific skills and health-related knowl-
edge that depends on the health condition.7 Thus it is crucial to devel

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

Featured in decades Enter liter big health - ACY due to influence health behavior and health screening and a strong body of literature focused. relationship.1-4 However, two major aspects to mention. The Research Information - nity for this concept to be considered is how effective the concerns of butter is not unique defini - Commercial for it and the other one of measurement.5 most commonly used measures focus on. assessment of reading, writing and Numer- ACY Skills.6 even measure these skills. Shows a strong relationship between health literacy and health, these tools fail to capture a healthy rise liter - 3 ACY from people wrong in the health care context, seventh and analytical decision pondering capabilities. the use of information and communication skills, these skills are more advanced, allowing patients to self-government on the Navi- gating the health care system. Actively participate in their own and their family's health care decisions and coordination Effi- Ciently health to all people. Developing a reliable tool to assess these skills superior func - if you can. Various attempts to develop.Other measures that can capture skills, advanced health and chewing al.8 developed as a screening tool to assess individu - als understanding of health and use of this material cold, et al.9 further develop and evaluate various screening tools. other Dimen - sions of health literacy as the ability of each separate health information to derive meaning from it. (Knowledge, communication), and food - ically use (the knowledge) , even with these efforts is evident in. Proficiency advance health Results from other studies using these tools are inconclusive about the ability to measure more advanced dimensions.10,11. Health Awareness long way. Put the butter in a fit of advanced medical skills offered by the motor and one dimension of Nakamoto.12.The framework author Called critical skills on an individual's ability to adapt. The Accord health data - based on the context of health. These skills allow negative information and knowledge that can be used to create a dif - General ferently according situation.12 Thus, it is hypothesized that. Critical skills will be highly responsive. Specific health situation Butter is critical skills Recently been completed and operationalized. In the handสำหรับบริบทของโรคหอบหืดด้วยตนเอง-Management.13 เครื่องมือได้รับการพัฒนาในโรคหืดบริบทเพราะเรื้อรังนี้ เงื่อนไขก่อให้เกิดความต้องการสูงในกิจวัตรการดูแลตนเองของผู้ป่วย ผู้ป่วยจำเป็นต้องทำตามสูตรทางการแพทย์อย่างเข้มงวด ใช้ยาอย่างถูกต้อง หลีกเลี่ยง ก่อให้เกิดโรคหอบหืด และรับรู้อาการ. อย่างไรก็ตาม ถ้าหอบหืดสุขภาพข้อมูลไม่ถูกต้องเข้าใจ โดยรวม และผู้ป่วยใน โรคหอบหืดที่เหมาะสมเป็นเรื่องยากที่จะบรรลุการควบคุม ซึ่งเป็นที่สิ้นสุดการ วัตถุประสงค์การจัดการสุดท้ายสำหรับเงื่อนไขนี้. ดังนั้น การ Characteris-สำบัดสำนวนอยู่ในการจัดการตนเองโรคหอบหืดทำให้มันเป็น Condi ที่เหมาะสม- มมือ และพัฒนาการทดสอบตัดสินเสนอทักษะ. นอกเหนือไปจากนี้ มันได้รับชี้ให้เห็นว่า ทักษะสุขภาพ โดยที่ผู้อื่นเขียน ควรเกี่ยวข้องกับการเพิ่มเติมเนื้อหาเฉพาะทักษะและสุขภาพ Knowl- ขอบที่ขึ้นอยู่กับการสุขภาพ Condition.7 ดังนั้นมันจะสำคัญ devel

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

Introduction
In recent decades, many studies have been paid for by health Liter-
ACY because its influence on health behaviors and health outcomes.
There is a strong body of literature focusing on. Relationship.1-4 this
, but the two sides continue to discuss. But research by
nity for this concept to be considered as an effective approach is
concerned, it is a concept that is unique contrast. sharp
For it, and one Measurement.5 The Other ITS most
important measures used to assess reading, writing and Numer-
ACY Skills.6 although so far. Measuring these skills.
Has demonstrated a strong relationship between literacy and health.
Health outcomes, these three engines fail to capture higher health Liter-
ACY skills needed by individuals working correctly within the healthcare
context, including seven decisions. The analytical thinking.
The ability to use information and communication skills are
highly skilled, among others, allow the patient to be free in Madrid
gating the health care system and participates actively in their own and their.
Family health care, is to make decisions and collaborate effectively.
Effectively with health professionals. All this points to the need to.
Develop reliable tools that assess skills that can go beyond these functions,
the ability tional trying different has been done to develop
other measures to capture more knowledge Advanced Health
Chew et. Al.8 such as developing screening tools to assess Individu-
understanding of ALS and to use this material; Ishikawa Al.9 and
went on to develop screening tools to assess and measure the size of different
sions of health literacy as the ability to block individual health.
Data derive meaning from it (Communication of knowledge) and Crit-
ically use it (Critical Literacy) Despite efforts to clear these.
Advance Proficiency health findings from other studies using
these tools are inconclusive about the ability to measure more.
Advanced health knowledge Dimensions.10,11 Another recent
For the concept of health knowledge, advanced skills that have been
proposed. Nakamoto.12 Schulz and one dimension of
the authors' theoretical framework known as the skills to focus on.
Individuals who are able to adapt and use health information Accord
ing to the health context. These skills allow people to remove.
Talk to information and knowledge that can be applied to various
Ferently by Situation.12 so it has been hypothesized that.
The decision of the individual with higher skills, better able to respond to.
Specific health situation The concept of skill, judgment has
been recently and successfully. operationalized In accordance tools
For the context of asthma self. Management.13
The tool has been developed in the context of chronic asthma because of this
condition poses high demands on the patient's routine care of patients who
need to follow a strict formula for physicians to avoid medications correctly.
Trigger asthma symptoms and recognition. But if the health of asthma
Information is not properly understood by the patient and is integrated.
Proper asthma control is difficult to achieve, which is final.
The last manager for this condition so Characteris-
tics current asthma self-management, making it a suitable condition.
The decision to develop and test their skills on offer. In addition to the
This has been pointed out that health literacy skills by other authors
should be concerned with more specific skills, content and health-related knowledge.
Based on modern Condition.7 health, so it is important to devel.

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 3:

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