The ability of explants to form flowers in vitro
depends on numerous factors internal and external,
chemical and physical, all of which virtually interact in
various complex and unpredictable ways (Teixeira da
Silva and Nhut 2003, Vu et al. 2006, Deb and
Sungkumlong 2009, Wang et al. 2009, Chiu et al. 2011,
Wilmowicz et al. 2011). Thus, in vitro conditions can be
manipulated to provide an alternative controlled system
necessary to study flower induction, inflorescence, and
flower morphogenesis. In vitro flowering can also be
applied as a tool to accelerate breeding programs or can
be adjusted to the commercial production of specific
compounds from floral organs (Ziv and Naor 2006). The
physiological stage of the mother plant and the organ or
tissue source of the explant, media components, level of
plant growth regulators (PGRs), and culture conditions
significantly affect in vitro flowering. In most in vitro
flowering studies, cytokinins such as 6-benzyladenine