แปลบทความวิจัยIn summary, we propose that immunotherapy mediated by allogeneic lymphocytes in tolerant hosts at an early stage of the disease, for every patient with a fully matched sibling, may result in a significant improvement of disease-free survival, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness for candidates of allogeneic BMT. Once confirmed, these observations may open new avenues for the treatment of hematologic malignancies and genetic diseases at an earlier stage of the disease, avoiding the need for repeated courses of chemotherapy or alternative replacement therapy, respectively. Tumor cells or genetically abnormal stem cells may be effectively eliminated by an optimal combination of intense immunosuppression with relatively low-dose chemotherapy, followed by infusion of donor stem cells enriched with immunocompotent T cells, aiming for induction of bilateral transplantation tolerance, thus enabling gradual elimination of all host-type cells by donor T cells over time, while controlling for GVHD. It remains to be seen whether a similar therapeutic approach can be developed for patients with matched unrelated donor available and whether a similar modality may be extrapolated for a large number of malignancies other than those originating from hematopoietic stem cells.