The สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การผลิตเอธานอลชีวภาพ 10 has the following components (11) to (14) as main components:
(11) a raw liquid producing apparatus to which the biomass A is fed and in 30 which a raw liquid containing sugar is produced from the biomass;
(12) a fermentation apparatus to which the raw liquid is fed from the raw liquid
producing apparatus 11 and in which a ของเหลวการหมัก containing ethanol is produced by alcoholic fermentation of the sugar contained in the raw liquid;
(13) a distillation apparatus to which the ของเหลวการหมัก is fed from the
fermentation apparatus 12 and in which the ของเหลวการหมัก is distilled to 5 recover ethanol, so as to be separated into a condensed liquid with higher
ethanol concentration than the ของเหลวการหมัก and a distillation residual
liquid with lower ethanol concentration than the ของเหลวการหมัก; and
(14) a purification apparatus to which the condensed liquid is fed from the
distillation apparatus 13 and in which impurities such as water contained in 10 the condensed liquid are removed, so that the condensed liquid is separated
into a separated liquid containing the impurities and high-purity ethanol.
The สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การผลิตเอธานอลชีวภาพ 10 may further have a solid-liquid
separation apparatus that separates the ของเหลวการหมัก into solid and
liquid on the downstream side of the fermentation apparatus 12 and on the 15 upstream side of the distillation apparatus 13.
[0041]
On the other hand, the สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การเพาะเลี้ยงไมโครแอลจี 20 has the following components (21) to (25) as main components:
(21) a preparation tank to which the evaporation residual liquid is fed from the 20 distillation apparatus 13 and the raw liquid containing sugar is fed from the
raw liquid producing apparatus 11 and in which these liquids are diluted with
water fed from the outside of the system to an appropriate concentration, so
that a อาหารเพาะเลี้ยง of the ไมโครแอลจี is prepared;
(22) a sterilization apparatus that sterilizes the อาหารเพาะเลี้ยง after the 25 preparation in the preparation tank 21;
(23) a culture apparatus in which the ไมโครแอลจี are contained and
การเพาะเลี้ยง แบบเฮเทอโรโทรฟิก under สภาวะที่มืด or การเพาะเลี้ยง แบบโฟโตเฮเทอโรโทรฟิก of the ไมโครแอลจี is performed in the presence of an organic carbon source using the อาหารเพาะเลี้ยง fed from the preparation tank 21 via the sterilization
30 apparatus 22;
(24) a concentration apparatus to which the algae-containing liquid containing
12
the ไมโครแอลจี is fed from the culture apparatus 23, in which the
algae-containing liquid is separated into the solid content and the liquid
content, so that the ไมโครแอลจี are concentrated, and from which the treated
water F with lower total organic carbon (TOC) concentration than the culture 5 medium produced in the preparation tank 21 is discharged; and
(25) an extraction apparatus in which lipids as a valuable are extracted from the ไมโครแอลจี contained in the concentrate that is concentrated in the
concentration apparatus 24 and from which the valuable (liquid fuel) mainly containing the lipids is discharged.
10 The สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การเพาะเลี้ยงไมโครแอลจี 20 can be configured so as to feed the
solid content obtained by the solid-liquid separation in the solid-liquid separation apparatus to the culture apparatus 23.
[0042]
As described above, the สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การเพาะเลี้ยงไมโครแอลจี 20 in this
15 embodiment is used for wastewater treatment in the เอธานอลชีวภาพ production
facility 10.
Further, in the สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การผลิตเอธานอลชีวภาพ 10, the following steps are performed in a process for producing เอธานอลชีวภาพ:
(la) a raw liquid production step of obtaining a raw liquid containing sugar
20 from biomass;
(lb) a fermentation step of obtaining a ของเหลวการหมัก containing ethanol by alcoholic fermentation of sugar contained in the raw liquid;
(1c) a distillation step of recovering ethanol by distillation of the fermentation
liquid to obtain a condensed liquid with higher ethanol concentration than the 25 ของเหลวการหมัก and a distillation residual liquid with lower ethanol
concentration than the ของเหลวการหมัก; and
(1d) a purification step of removing impurities such as water from the
condensed liquid to obtain เอธานอลชีวภาพ B with higher ethanol concentration than the condensed liquid.
30 In the process of producing เอธานอลชีวภาพ, a solid-liquid separation step of
separating the ของเหลวการหมัก into solid and liquid may be performed after
13
the fermentation step and before the distillation step. [0043]
In the raw liquid production step in the raw liquid producing apparatus
11, in the case where the biomass A is carbohydrate biomass, the raw liquid can 5 be produced by obtaining molasses, for example, by pressing sugarcane or
sugar beet, and appropriately diluting the molasses with water. In the case
where the carbohydrate biomass is blackstrap molasses, the raw liquid can be
produced, for example, by diluting the blackstrap molasses with water in the
raw liquid production step.
10 [0044]
Further, in the case where the biomass A is cellulose biomass, the raw liquid production step can be performed, for example, by employing a method of producing a raw liquid by, after grinding the biomass into a suitable size,
hydrolyzing the biomass using an enzyme, acid, or alkali to obtain a
15 saccharified solution containing sugar derived from hemicellulose or cellulose,
and neutralizing the saccharified solution, as needed.
[0045]
In the case where the biomass A is starch biomass, the raw liquid
production step can be performed, for example, by employing a method of
20 producing a raw liquid by hydrolyzing the glycosidic bond of starch contained in
the biomass using an enzyme or acid to obtain a saccharified solution, and neutralizing the saccharified solution, as needed.
[0046]
In the case where the raw liquid contains solids such as fibers, the raw 25 liquid is ที่ควรใช้คือ fed to the fermentation apparatus 12 after the solids are
removed.
[0047]
The fermentation step in the fermentation apparatus 12 can be carried
out, for example, by employing a batch method in which the raw liquid to which 30 yeast has been added is maintained in an anaerobic environment for a specific
time.
14
[0048]
As the yeast, yeast bacteria can be used, and examples thereof that can be used include organisms belonging to the จีนัส Saccharomyces.
More specifically, Saccaromyces cerebisiae, for example, can be used as
5 the yeast bacteria.
Further, as the yeast, so-called sake yeast, so-called wine yeast, so-called beer yeast, or the like may be also used.
[0049]
The ของเหลวการหมัก produced in the fermentation step is ที่ควรใช้คือ 10 fed to the distillation apparatus 13 after the yeast is recovered by filtration or
the like.
The recovered yeast can be reused, for example, in the fermentation step in the next or subsequent batch.
The yeast contains components such as proteins, amino acids, vitamins,
15 phosphorus, and potassium.
Accordingly, the yeast recovered in the fermentation step can be also used for culturing ไมโครแอลจี by being fed to the preparation tank 21 or the culture apparatus 23, as needed.
In the case where the yeast is used for culturing ไมโครแอลจี, it is 20 ที่ควรใช้คือ used in the form of yeast extract.
As the yeast extract, an extract obtained by breaking the cell walls of
yeast bacteria by contact with hot water or an extract obtained by breaking the cell walls of yeast bacteria by enzyme treatment, for example, can be used.
Further, the yeast extract may be generated by autolysis of the yeast.
25 That is, the yeast extract to be used in the fermentation step may be
generated by degradation of components constituting the yeast using the enzyme contained in the yeast.
The autolysis of the yeast can be caused, for example, by placing the yeast under conditions without organic nutrients such as saccharides.
30 An apparatus for transforming the yeast into a yeast extract by
subjecting the yeast to hot water treatment, enzyme treatment, or autolysis
15
before the yeast extract is fed to the preparation tank 21 or the culture
apparatus 23 may be separately provided. A sterilization apparatus, which will be described below, may be used.
[0050]
5 The distillation step in the distillation apparatus 13 can be carried out,
for example, by a general method using a distillation pot and a condenser.
It is usually difficult to release, as a final effluent, the distillation residual liquid that is the residual liquid after ethanol is recovered as the
condensed liquid from the ของเหลวการหมัก in the distillation step as it is, or 10 to reuse it as any process water, because it contains organic matter or the like.
In this embodiment, wastewater treatment is applied to the distillation
residual liquid that is wastewater discharged from the สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การผลิตเอธานอลชีวภาพ 10 by the สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวก การเพาะเลี้ยงไมโครแอลจี 20.
[0051]
15 The purification step in the purification apparatus 14 can be carried out,
for example, by removing impurities such as water from the condensed liquid by a molecular sieve or membrane separation.
In t