E-Procurement Software: problem integrating, lack of common standard, lack of suppliers accessible, lack of suppliers investment
Internet Exchanges (market exchanges): not enough suppliers to create, suppliers reticent to participate
E-Auctions (B2B auctions): organizational discomfort, downward price pressure on vendors, inability to identify potential items
Purchasing Consortia: pricing is not significantly better than available without consortia, getting a sufficient number of vendors, ensuring conformance to state laws and regulations