1
Abstract— Driven to further increase energy and operational
efficiencies and encouraged by government policies and
incentives, many utilities are exploring, planning, or already
beginning to implement “Smart Grid”. Smart Grid
implementations can potentially add hundreds of thousands, if
not millions, of new equipment and devices to the energy delivery
system and infrastructure of the utility. Measurements will be
collected from Smart Grid sensors and metering devices at
hourly or 15-minute intervals, and some in near real-time,
resulting in terabytes of data. Utility commands and controls will
be available down to the customer-premise level. How would the
utility manage all these new assets, all the new data, and the new
advanced functionality to achieve the vision and objectives of
Smart Grid? This presentation outlines the transformational
changes of Smart Grid to the utility enterprise and through
utility case examples, how the utility should prepare itself for
these changes through Enterprise Information Management.
Index Terms – Demand Response, Demand Side Management,
Advanced Metering Infrastructure, Smart Metering, System
Integration, Business Intelligence, Enterprise Architecture
I. INTRODUCTION
What Smart Grid means is still somewhat fuzzy and varied
from one utility to another and from one product/service
supplier to another. However, it is a common understanding
that Smart Grid would have the following general attributes:
• Adaptive, self-healing – Advanced automation for
fault detection, fault location, isolation, and service
restoration; voltage/reactive-power (Volt/VAR)
control, etc.
• Predictive and proactive – Condition based
maintenance, system monitoring with automated
workflows, automated proactive alerts to utility and
customers of emerging system and service issues, etc.
• Optimized capacity utilization and system
performance – Automated load balancing, optimized
feeder configuration, volt/VAR optimization,
conservation by voltage reduction, data collection for
system planning and engineering, etc.
• Interactive with consumers and markets – Enabling
Demand Response, Demand-Side Management, and
other energy efficiency/conservation programs;
Hahn Tram is Vice President, Enterprise Systems, and Executive Advisor
with Quanta Technology, 4020 Westchase Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
(email: htram@quanta-technology.com).
facilitating interconnection and management of
Distributed Energy Resources (DER), including
renewable energy, advanced energy storage, and
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV), etc.
• Enterprise integration of information – Data
collection, analytics, and presentment to support
system planning, engineering, operations, energy
management, asset management, and value-added
customer services.
• System Deployment and Maintenance: optimizing
deployment efficiency and customer experience
during deployment and ongoing system maintenance
and support
II.SMART METERING & DEMAND RESPONSE
AMI, or Smart Meter, and Demand Response (DR) are corner
stones of Smart Grid, many energy efficiency programs, and
management of Distributed Energy Resources (DER).
Beyond automated meter reads for billing purposes, Smart
Meters serve as information gateways to customer premises.
They provide hourly, 15-minute interval, or more frequent
meter reads to support dynamic pricing programs, improve
revenue management, proactive customer communications to
reveal energy efficiency and conservation opportunities as
well as consumption and billing alerts. They may also include
control functions like remote disconnect/reconnect to
streamline customer operations and demand-limiting or
prepayment capability to help customers manage their energy
consumptions and budgets.
The Demand Response infrastructure allows the utility to
communicate with, and at the customers’ option monitor and
control Programmable and Communicating Devices (PCD)
inside their premises, such as smart thermostats and load
cycling switches of air conditioning units, water heaters, pool
pumps, and in the future energy storage devices. Smart Meters
would become the gateway between the utility’s energy
delivery system and the customer’s Home Area Network
(HAN).
III. ENTERPRISE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Smart Grid, particularly with a full-deployment of smart
meters and expected market penetrations of advanced
Distribution Automation (DA) devices, PCD and DER, adds a
massive volume of data that will need to be managed
Enterprise Information & Process Change
Management for AMI and Demand Response
Hahn Tram, Senior Member, IEEE
978-1-4244-6547-7/10/$26.00 © 2010 IEEE
2
effectively. The data includes asset installation location and
other attributes, device configuration, equipment performance,
inspection and maintenance history and pending work orders
as well as measurements and controls of Smart Grid devices.
Effective management of the data throughout the utility
enterprise is essential to reducing Smart Grid/AMI
deployment costs, sustaining benefits, and perhaps more
importantly manage business continuity risks from deploying
far-reaching and transformational technologies like Smart
Meter and Smart Grid.
To prepare for the inrush of Smart Grid data, even at the pilot
stage, the utility should develop holistic enterprise architecture
and integration plans to cover the following, equally
important, four areas of need in order of implementation
timing:
1. Deployment of Smart Grid systems and devices,
including smart meter and in-premise PCD as well as
advanced system automation equipment – to ensure
efficient installation, and timely and accurate asset
data capture during installation.
2. Management of the collected data on Smart Grid
asset, system and device configurations – to ensure
quality control of the data and that the systems and
applications that need the data are updated timely.
3. Operation and maintenance of the Smart Grid assets,
including hardware, firmware, and software – to
ensure that the system, equipment and devices will be
properly maintained from day one.
4. Management and use of data collected from the
Smart Grid systems to improve the utility business,
including operation efficiency, capital planning and
capacity utilization, T&D system and energy
efficiency, and customer service.
The utility will need to assess how their existing information
systems and their integration as well as current business
processes, can support these areas of need, and devise an
implementation roadmap to address gaps. Such assessments
would include, for example:
Can GIS or existing GIS models support the new
Smart Grid devices and their possible configurations?
What changes will be needed?
Where would the Smart Meter and various Smart
Grid devices be maintained – GIS, Enterprise
Resource Planning (e.g. PM or DM of SAP), the
meter asset management module of Meter Data
Management (MDM), SCADA/DA, etc.?
Would the Smart Meter installation and configuration
data be managed in CIS, MDM, GIS, or other
applications? How about PCD and Demand
Response devices?
Do the existing Work Management System, or Field
Force Automation/Mobile Workforce Management
applications need to be changed to accommodate the
deployment, inspection and maintenance of the Smart
Grid devices?
What enhancements to Energy Management System,
Distribution & Outage Management Systems will be
needed to leverage the Smart Grid capability and data
to improve system operations?
What measured data needs to be stored, and where –
in GIS, MDM, SCADA/DA, others – and what
analytics would be needed to provide useful
information for T&D asset planning and
management, energy portfolio optimization, etc.?
What enhancements are needed in CIS and customer
web portals to analyze the metered data and support
Demand Response program and other value-added
services?
These questions and more will be explored through utility
case examples in the presentation.
IV. ENTERPRISE BENEFITS & ORGANIZATION IMPACTS
AMI and DR benefits to the utility and ratepayers, which
utility organizations need to embrace transformational
changes to realize, include the following for example:
• Customer Care
– Proactive customer communications (bill-todate,
billing alerts, outage notification, etc.)
– Flexible move-in/move-out dates
– Energy efficiency improvement programs
(energy efficiency monitor and audit,
customer rate analysis, etc.)
– Load limiting and prepay options, etc.
• Credit & Collections
– Remote and virtual disconnect/reconnect for
revenue management
– Proactive energy diversion alerts, etc.
• Transmission & Distribution Operations
– Outage management and customer callbacks
– Up to date data for emergency and planned
load
– Demand Response part of contingency
planning
– Power quality monitoring
– Storm restoration management
– Transformer Load Management
• T&D System Planning
– End-use load modeling and spatial load
forecasting
– Integrated Resource Planning
3
V.
OPERATION
&
MAINTENANCE OF AMI/DR
SYSTEMS AND
ASSETS
As utilities rush to the deployment of smart meters, PCD and
DER, under various Federal and state policies and incentives,
a large volume of assets are added to the utility infrastructure.
These assets include for example, smart meters, endpoint
communication modules, data collectors and repeaters on the
AMI communication network, PCD’s on the HAN, etc.
Managing these assets is a challenge to many existing utility
organizations and practices not only because of the sheer
number of assets and their geographic distribution but also
their connectivity and configurability of these assets. For
example, conventional meters can only be configured in the
meter shop and the utility only needs to maintain the
association of meter and customer account and the
connectivity of the meter with the energy distribution system.
New AMI meters can be configured remotely over the air, and
there are many more configurable options. AMI meters also
have connectivity with A
1บทคัดย่อซึ่งการขับเคลื่อนเพื่อเพิ่มพลังงานเพิ่มเติม และการดำเนินงานประสิทธิภาพ และแรงกระตุ้นจากนโยบายของรัฐบาล และแรงจูงใจ อรรถประโยชน์มากมายมีการสำรวจ วางแผน หรือแล้วเริ่มใช้ "สมาร์ทกริด" สมาร์ทกริดใช้งานสามารถอาจเพิ่มหลายร้อยหลายพันไม่นับล้าน อุปกรณ์ใหม่และอุปกรณ์เพื่อการจัดส่งพลังงานระบบและโครงสร้างพื้นฐานของโปรแกรมอรรถประโยชน์ วัดจะรวบรวมจากเซนเซอร์สมาร์ทกริดและอุปกรณ์วัดต่อชั่วโมง หรือช่วงเวลา 15 นาที และบางส่วนในใกล้เวลาจริงเกิดในไบต์ของข้อมูล คำสั่งยูทิลิตี้และตัวควบคุมจะได้จนถึงระดับหลักฐานลูกค้า ว่าต้องการยูทิลิตี้จัดการสินทรัพย์ใหม่ทั้งหมดเหล่านี้ ข้อมูลใหม่ทั้งหมด และใหม่ฟังก์ชันขั้นสูงเพื่อให้บรรลุวิสัยทัศน์และวัตถุประสงค์ของสมาร์ทกริด งานนำเสนอนี้สรุปที่ภาวะการเปลี่ยนแปลงของสมาร์ทกริดองค์กรยูทิลิตี้ และผ่านตัวอย่างกรณีอรรถ อรรถประโยชน์ควรเตรียมอย่างไรสำหรับตัวเองการเปลี่ยนแปลงเหล่านี้ผ่านการจัดการข้อมูลขององค์กรดัชนีคำ – ตอบสนองความต้องการ ความต้องการด้านการจัดการขั้นสูงโครงสร้างวัด สมาร์ทการวัดแสง ระบบสถาปัตยกรรมรวม ข่าวกรองธุรกิจ องค์กรI. บทนำสมาร์ทกริดหมายยังคงเป็นค่อนข้างชัดเจน และแตกต่างกันจากโปรแกรมหนึ่ง ไปยัง และ จากสินค้าบริการหนึ่งผู้จัดจำหน่ายอื่น อย่างไรก็ตาม มันเป็นความเข้าใจร่วมกันสมาร์ทกริดนั้นจะมีคุณลักษณะทั่วไปต่อไปนี้:•เหมาะสม self-healing – อัตโนมัติสำหรับขั้นสูงตรวจหาข้อบกพร่อง ข้อบกพร่อง แยก ใจคืนค่า แรงปฏิกิริยาพลังงาน (VAR โวลต์)ควบคุม ฯลฯ•คาดการณ์ และใช้เงื่อนไขเชิงรุก –การบำรุงรักษา ตรวจสอบด้วยระบบอัตโนมัติเวิร์กโฟลว์ อัตโนมัติแจ้งเตือนเชิงรุกเพื่อสาธารณูปโภค และลูกค้าเกิดปัญหาระบบและบริการ อื่น ๆ•ปรับใช้ประโยชน์กำลังการผลิตและระบบประสิทธิภาพ – โหลดอัตโนมัติปรับสมดุล ปรับให้เหมาะสมการกำหนดค่าอัตโนมัติ ปรับ โวลท์/VARโดยการลดแรงดัน รวบรวมข้อมูลเพื่อการอนุรักษ์การวางแผนระบบ และวิศวกรรม ฯลฯ•โต้ตอบกับผู้บริโภคและตลาด – Enablingความต้องการตอบสนอง การจัดการด้านความต้องการ และโปรแกรมอื่น ๆ ประสิทธิภาพ/อนุรักษ์พลังงาน รถรางฮาห์นเป็นรองประธาน ระบบองค์กร และประธาน กรรมการบริหารด้วยเทคโนโลยี Quanta, 4020 เวสท์ blvd., ราลี NC 27607 สหรัฐอเมริกา(อีเมล์: htram@quanta-technology.com)อำนวยความสะดวกความเกี่ยวข้องกันและการจัดการพลังงานทรัพยากร (แดร์), รวมทั้งพลังงานทดแทน พลังงานเก็บ ขั้นสูง และปลั๊กอินไฮบริดไฟฟ้ายานพาหนะ (PHEV) ฯลฯ•รวมข้อมูล – ข้อมูลองค์กรคอลเลกชัน วิเคราะห์ และนำเสนอเพื่อสนับสนุนระบบการวางแผน ดำเนินงาน พลังงาน วิศวกรรมจัดการ บริหารสินทรัพย์ และมูลค่าเพิ่มบริการลูกค้า•ระบบบำรุงรักษาและการใช้งาน: เพิ่มประสิทธิภาพใช้งานอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพและประสบการณ์ของลูกค้าduring deployment and ongoing system maintenanceand supportII.SMART METERING & DEMAND RESPONSEAMI, or Smart Meter, and Demand Response (DR) are cornerstones of Smart Grid, many energy efficiency programs, andmanagement of Distributed Energy Resources (DER).Beyond automated meter reads for billing purposes, SmartMeters serve as information gateways to customer premises.They provide hourly, 15-minute interval, or more frequentmeter reads to support dynamic pricing programs, improverevenue management, proactive customer communications toreveal energy efficiency and conservation opportunities aswell as consumption and billing alerts. They may also includecontrol functions like remote disconnect/reconnect tostreamline customer operations and demand-limiting orprepayment capability to help customers manage their energyconsumptions and budgets.The Demand Response infrastructure allows the utility tocommunicate with, and at the customers’ option monitor andcontrol Programmable and Communicating Devices (PCD)inside their premises, such as smart thermostats and loadcycling switches of air conditioning units, water heaters, poolpumps, and in the future energy storage devices. Smart Meterswould become the gateway between the utility’s energydelivery system and the customer’s Home Area Network(HAN).III. ENTERPRISE INFORMATION MANAGEMENTSmart Grid, particularly with a full-deployment of smartmeters and expected market penetrations of advancedDistribution Automation (DA) devices, PCD and DER, adds amassive volume of data that will need to be managedEnterprise Information & Process ChangeManagement for AMI and Demand ResponseHahn Tram, Senior Member, IEEE978-1-4244-6547-7/10/$26.00 © 2010 IEEE2effectively. The data includes asset installation location andother attributes, device configuration, equipment performance,inspection and maintenance history and pending work ordersas well as measurements and controls of Smart Grid devices.Effective management of the data throughout the utilityenterprise is essential to reducing Smart Grid/AMIdeployment costs, sustaining benefits, and perhaps moreimportantly manage business continuity risks from deployingfar-reaching and transformational technologies like SmartMeter and Smart Grid.To prepare for the inrush of Smart Grid data, even at the pilotstage, the utility should develop holistic enterprise architectureand integration plans to cover the following, equallyimportant, four areas of need in order of implementationtiming:1. Deployment of Smart Grid systems and devices,including smart meter and in-premise PCD as well asadvanced system automation equipment – to ensureefficient installation, and timely and accurate assetdata capture during installation.2. Management of the collected data on Smart Gridasset, system and device configurations – to ensurequality control of the data and that the systems and
applications that need the data are updated timely.
3. Operation and maintenance of the Smart Grid assets,
including hardware, firmware, and software – to
ensure that the system, equipment and devices will be
properly maintained from day one.
4. Management and use of data collected from the
Smart Grid systems to improve the utility business,
including operation efficiency, capital planning and
capacity utilization, T&D system and energy
efficiency, and customer service.
The utility will need to assess how their existing information
systems and their integration as well as current business
processes, can support these areas of need, and devise an
implementation roadmap to address gaps. Such assessments
would include, for example:
Can GIS or existing GIS models support the new
Smart Grid devices and their possible configurations?
What changes will be needed?
Where would the Smart Meter and various Smart
Grid devices be maintained – GIS, Enterprise
Resource Planning (e.g. PM or DM of SAP), the
meter asset management module of Meter Data
Management (MDM), SCADA/DA, etc.?
Would the Smart Meter installation and configuration
data be managed in CIS, MDM, GIS, or other
applications? How about PCD and Demand
Response devices?
Do the existing Work Management System, or Field
Force Automation/Mobile Workforce Management
applications need to be changed to accommodate the
deployment, inspection and maintenance of the Smart
Grid devices?
What enhancements to Energy Management System,
Distribution & Outage Management Systems will be
needed to leverage the Smart Grid capability and data
to improve system operations?
What measured data needs to be stored, and where –
in GIS, MDM, SCADA/DA, others – and what
analytics would be needed to provide useful
information for T&D asset planning and
management, energy portfolio optimization, etc.?
What enhancements are needed in CIS and customer
web portals to analyze the metered data and support
Demand Response program and other value-added
services?
These questions and more will be explored through utility
case examples in the presentation.
IV. ENTERPRISE BENEFITS & ORGANIZATION IMPACTS
AMI and DR benefits to the utility and ratepayers, which
utility organizations need to embrace transformational
changes to realize, include the following for example:
• Customer Care
– Proactive customer communications (bill-todate,
billing alerts, outage notification, etc.)
– Flexible move-in/move-out dates
– Energy efficiency improvement programs
(energy efficiency monitor and audit,
customer rate analysis, etc.)
– Load limiting and prepay options, etc.
• Credit & Collections
– Remote and virtual disconnect/reconnect for
revenue management
– Proactive energy diversion alerts, etc.
• Transmission & Distribution Operations
– Outage management and customer callbacks
– Up to date data for emergency and planned
load
– Demand Response part of contingency
planning
– Power quality monitoring
– Storm restoration management
– Transformer Load Management
• T&D System Planning
– End-use load modeling and spatial load
forecasting
– Integrated Resource Planning
3
V.
OPERATION
&
MAINTENANCE OF AMI/DR
SYSTEMS AND
ASSETS
As utilities rush to the deployment of smart meters, PCD and
DER, under various Federal and state policies and incentives,
a large volume of assets are added to the utility infrastructure.
These assets include for example, smart meters, endpoint
communication modules, data collectors and repeaters on the
AMI communication network, PCD’s on the HAN, etc.
Managing these assets is a challenge to many existing utility
organizations and practices not only because of the sheer
number of assets and their geographic distribution but also
their connectivity and configurability of these assets. For
example, conventional meters can only be configured in the
meter shop and the utility only needs to maintain the
association of meter and customer account and the
connectivity of the meter with the energy distribution system.
New AMI meters can be configured remotely over the air, and
there are many more configurable options. AMI meters also
have connectivity with A
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