The modernization of chicken farms and globalization
of the bird breeding trade also have played a role in infection
(Velge et al. 2005), with several serotypes being isolated
from retail poultry products from many years back
in various parts of the world (Rindhe et al. 2008). Prevalence
of Salmonella in poultry meat using both traditional
and conventional methods has been reported worldwide
from retail outlets, retail markets and processing plants. It
has been reported to be as low as 1.56% from a Morocco
poultry processing plant (Cohen et al. 2007) and as high as
20% from a poultry processing plant in USA (Russell 2009).
In retail markets, prevalence was reported in broilers at
10.60% in Croatian market (Kozačinski et al. 2006), 31% in
India (Dahal 2007), 35.5% in Mexico (Miranda et al. 2009)
and 5.92% in Saudi Arabia (Moussa et al. 2010). In Nigeria,
several rates have been reported with 11.1% prevalence in
Calabar metropolis (Ukut et al. 2010) and 2% in Osogbo
(Adesiji et al. 2011). Resistance to ampicillin appears to be
the most common in Nigeria, followed by trimethoprimsulphamethozazole,
streptomycin, cephalexin, gentamycin
(Enabulele et al. 2010) and more than 90% resistance to
tetracycline