Sialadenosis is an asymptomatic bilateral parotid gland
enlargement quite common in diabetes (especially type
2). It has also been reported in alcoholism with liver pathology,
and
in
chronic
malnutrition
(19).
It
is
considered
a
metabolic
or
degenerative
pathology
(not
inflammatory
or
tumoral). The most accepted etiopathogenic theory
posits the existence of a disturbance in the autonomic
sympathetic innervation, that leads to a dysregulation
of protein synthesis and/ or its secretion. Cytoplasmic
swelling develops from engorgement of intracytoplasmic
zymogen
granules.
As
a
result, the parotid’s acini,
which normally measure 40 µm in diameter, increases to
as much as 100 µm. This enlargement causes the clinically
visible
glandular
hypertrophy
(19).
It
has
also
been
reported
that parotid enlargement in diabetic patients
could be a consequence of lipid infiltration, due to the
alteration in the lipidic metabolism in diabetes (20). In
any case, sialadenosis does not require treatment (19).
In diabetic patients, the presence of Candida species in
the oral cavity is greater than in non diabetic patients;
however, candidal infection –candidosis- may not be significantly
higher, not even in individuals with a poorly
controlled diabetes. The mechanism by which diabetes
predisposes a high oral presence of Candida is not yet
established (21), although it is believed that the reasons
Sialadenosis is an asymptomatic bilateral parotid glandenlargement quite common in diabetes (especially type2). It has also been reported in alcoholism with liver pathology,andinchronicmalnutrition(19).Itisconsideredametabolicordegenerativepathology(notinflammatoryortumoral). The most accepted etiopathogenic theoryposits the existence of a disturbance in the autonomicsympathetic innervation, that leads to a dysregulationof protein synthesis and/ or its secretion. Cytoplasmicswelling develops from engorgement of intracytoplasmiczymogengranules.Asaresult, the parotid’s acini,which normally measure 40 µm in diameter, increases toas much as 100 µm. This enlargement causes the clinicallyvisibleglandularhypertrophy(19).Ithasalsobeenreportedthat parotid enlargement in diabetic patientscould be a consequence of lipid infiltration, due to thealteration in the lipidic metabolism in diabetes (20). Inany case, sialadenosis does not require treatment (19).In diabetic patients, the presence of Candida species inthe oral cavity is greater than in non diabetic patients;however, candidal infection –candidosis- may not be significantlyhigher, not even in individuals with a poorlycontrolled diabetes. The mechanism by which diabetespredisposes a high oral presence of Candida is not yetestablished (21), although it is believed that the reasons
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