a b s t r a c t
The ability for small islands to meet sustainability goals is exacerbated by the costs of transporting goods
on, and then, wastes off the islands. At small scales, recycling can be prohibitive and complicated by
labor costs; the need to profitably recycle and manage solid waste output from tourism is complicated by
scale and available technologies. A multi-year study documents the amount of solid waste generated on
Great Exuma (Exuma), The Commonwealth of The Bahamas since 2010 with one year of benchmarking,
then limited recycling of food waste generation by an all-inclusive resort, Sandals Emerald Bay (SEB). For
the island of Exuma, the rapid increase in the rate of accumulation of solid waste associated with a large
destination resort has led to an increase in pests such as rats and flies, along with an increased occurrence
of fires associated with unburied solid waste. Solid waste has accumulated faster than the island solid
waste management can absorb. SEB kitchen and hotel operations contributes an estimated 36% of all
solid waste generated on the island, about 1752 t1 out of a total of 4841 t generated on the island in
2013 (exclusive of vegetation waste). Based on 4 weeks of benchmarking, 48.5% of all the waste coming
out of the SEB resort is compostable, organic waste, but waste composition varies widely over time.
Exuma Waste Management (EWM) and Recycle Exuma (RE), both privately-held Bahamian businesses,
worked for one year (2012–2013) with SEB resort to implement a benchmarking and pilot recycling
project to meet Earth Check green resort certification requirements. This paper outlines the costs and
resources required for food waste recycling and some barriers to implementing more effective solid waste
management for the tourism industry on small islands.
a b s t r a c tThe ability for small islands to meet sustainability goals is exacerbated by the costs of transporting goodson, and then, wastes off the islands. At small scales, recycling can be prohibitive and complicated bylabor costs; the need to profitably recycle and manage solid waste output from tourism is complicated byscale and available technologies. A multi-year study documents the amount of solid waste generated onGreat Exuma (Exuma), The Commonwealth of The Bahamas since 2010 with one year of benchmarking,then limited recycling of food waste generation by an all-inclusive resort, Sandals Emerald Bay (SEB). Forthe island of Exuma, the rapid increase in the rate of accumulation of solid waste associated with a largedestination resort has led to an increase in pests such as rats and flies, along with an increased occurrenceof fires associated with unburied solid waste. Solid waste has accumulated faster than the island solidwaste management can absorb. SEB kitchen and hotel operations contributes an estimated 36% of allsolid waste generated on the island, about 1752 t1 out of a total of 4841 t generated on the island in2013 (exclusive of vegetation waste). Based on 4 weeks of benchmarking, 48.5% of all the waste comingout of the SEB resort is compostable, organic waste, but waste composition varies widely over time.Exuma Waste Management (EWM) and Recycle Exuma (RE), both privately-held Bahamian businesses,worked for one year (2012–2013) with SEB resort to implement a benchmarking and pilot recyclingproject to meet Earth Check green resort certification requirements. This paper outlines the costs andresources required for food waste recycling and some barriers to implementing more effective solid wastemanagement for the tourism industry on small islands.
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