shows the total amount of extracted fatty acids (TFFA) and
loss of neutral oil in the extract stream (LNO) for all the experiments.
The TFFA values varied within the range of 70–90%, and they
increased with increasing rotor speed and Vd/(Vc + Vd) phase ratio.
The LNO values increased slightly as the rotating speed of the discs
increased and varied within the range of 0.80–3.13% (Fig. 6). In
addition, the loss of neutral oil increased with a decrease in the
Vd/(Vc + Vd) phase ratio, and the loss increased when the oil feed
acidity was high. It should be emphasized that these losses of neutral
oil are significantly lower than those reported in the literature
for alkali refining of rice bran oil [2,7]. In liquid–liquid extraction,
the loss of neutral oil is mainly determined by the oil solubility
in the solvent. According to the equilibrium data, the oil solubility