the glucose–glycine, fructose–glycine, and sucrose–glycine model
systems heated to 120 C for 20 min formed furan at 14, 25, and
0 ng/ml, respectively. This result suggests that non-reducing sugars
such as sucrose produce less furan than reducing sugars such
as glucose and fructose. In addition, it seemed that furan formation
by the Maillard reaction was dependent on the sugars and amino
acid used. Limacher et al. (2008) reported that reacting phenylalanine
and glucose results in a 50% increase in furan, whereas furan
decreased up to 20% in a mixture of fructose and phenylalanine.