Varma and Linn (2011) studied sixth-graders’ learning of the greenhouse effect and
their understanding of it by conducting an experiment based on the ‘knowledgeas-
elements’ perspective utilising a simulation-based, multiple representation curriculum
unit in a Web-based inquiry in science learning environment. They found that
prior to instruction, pupil’s knowledge mainly consisted of the causes and outcomes
of global warming but not the interactions and principles that describe the greenhouse
effect and its relation to global warming. Following six main activities which involved
working with key concepts, experimenting with a visualisation of the greenhouse effect
through a simulation, and planning personal actions to alleviate the greenhouse effect,
students acquired a more integrated understanding of the phenomena. However,
pupils’ ideas still comprised an assortment of sound and unsound constructs.
Varma and Linn (2011) conclude that for learning to lead to meaningful understanding,
pupils need to conduct valid virtual experiments (e.g. with simulations), with
valid experimentation strategies, but acknowledge that more research is needed on
how to support these process of experimentation.
Varma and Linn (2011) studied sixth-graders’ learning of the greenhouse effect andtheir understanding of it by conducting an experiment based on the ‘knowledgeas-elements’ perspective utilising a simulation-based, multiple representation curriculumunit in a Web-based inquiry in science learning environment. They found thatprior to instruction, pupil’s knowledge mainly consisted of the causes and outcomesof global warming but not the interactions and principles that describe the greenhouseeffect and its relation to global warming. Following six main activities which involvedworking with key concepts, experimenting with a visualisation of the greenhouse effectthrough a simulation, and planning personal actions to alleviate the greenhouse effect,students acquired a more integrated understanding of the phenomena. However,pupils’ ideas still comprised an assortment of sound and unsound constructs.Varma and Linn (2011) conclude that for learning to lead to meaningful understanding,pupils need to conduct valid virtual experiments (e.g. with simulations), withvalid experimentation strategies, but acknowledge that more research is needed onhow to support these process of experimentation.
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