Although Malaysia profits valuable RSE resources [22], currently
the majority of hydrogen demand of the country is provided by
steam methane reforming (SMR) process [23]. To develop renewable
hydrogen production in Malaysia, National Steering Committee
(NSC) on solar, hydrogen energy and fuel cell was established
in 2004 with the Malaysian Energy Centre (PTM) as its secretariat.
Then Ministry of Energy, Water, and Communication (MEWC)
commissioned PTM to design a roadmap for sustainable hydrogen
production and HFC development. The Government of Malaysia
(includes MEWC, Technology and Innovation, Ministry of Finance,
Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Science, Ministry of International
Trade and Industry, research and development institutional and
academia) cooperated with private sectors (the industry that
includes fuel producers, power generators and distributors) to
invest in renewable hydrogen production for clean development
of Malaysia. The prepared roadmap illustrates the scenario of solar
energy expansion as well as hydrogen production from renewable
resources and HFC development in near term (2005–2010), the
medium term (2011–2029) and the long-term (2030 onwards)
[24]. A summary of the renewable hydrogen production scenario
in Malaysia is presented in Fig. 2.