The global aviation industry aims to achieve carbon neutral growth by 2020 and reduce
carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 50% relative to 2005 levels by 2050 (IATA, 2009). To
achieve these goals, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) has outlined a “four
pillar” approach that includes (i) technology, (ii) operations, (iii) infrastructure and (iv) economic
measures. Of the four pillars, technology is seen as the most promising option for reducing
emissions and includes improved engine technologies, aircraft design, new composite
lightweight materials, and use of biofuels that have significantly lower lifecycle greenhouse gas