While factors influencing pHlNl transmission were largely unknown at the beginning of the pandemic, seasonal influenza transmission studies had demonstrated the importance of household settings and young children in disease propagation. Transmission modes for seasonal influenza include direct contact with infected individuals, indirect contact with contaminated objects, and inhalation of droplet particles released through coughing and sneezing of infected individuals [3]. Given the importance of close contact or shared environment with infected individuals, households are important exposure settings for influenza transmission. Simulation models have estimated 30% to 40% of influenza trans- mission occurs in households compared to 20% in schools and the remainder in community settings [4], Similarly, the role of children in influenza transmission has been demonstrated by Loeb et al (2010) who found that immunizing approximately 80% of children with trivalent influenza vaccine conferred 61% indirect protection for unimmunized residents of Hutterite communities in Western Canada [5].