not all languages use participles in conjunction with a finite verb. Example (16) has a relative clause (see section 3.4) 'the drum that i will play today at the concert' with no finite verb, just the future participle - a form with no person and number markers. similar examples from English are the woman just arriving or the slide seen on the screen now. in (17), the main ('realize') clauses both in Finnish and English are finite, but the finish embedded clause, in square brackets (see section 3.2) has only a pat participle, and on finite verb, whilst the English translation has finite knew