As we know, router does not forward broadcast packets (it drops them instead) so DHCP messages like DHCPDISCOVER message will be dropped. But with the “ip helper-address …” command, the router will accept that broadcast message and cover it into a unicast packet and forward it to the DHCP Server. The destination IP address of the unicast packet is taken from the “ip helper-address …” command.
When a DHCP address conflict occurs
During the IP assignment process, the DHCP Server uses ping to test the availability of an IP before issuing it to the client. If no one replies then the DHCP Server believes that IP has not been allocated and it can safely assign that IP to a client. If someone answers the ping, the DHCP Server records a conflict, the address is then removed from the DHCP pool and it will not be assigned to a client until the administrator resolves the conflict manually.
Configure a DHCP Server on Cisco router
Instead of using a separate computer/server as a DHCP Server, we can save the cost and configure a Cisco router (even a Layer 3 Cisco switch) to work as a DHCP Server. The following example configuration will complete this task:
As we know, router does not forward broadcast packets (it drops them instead) so DHCP messages like DHCPDISCOVER message will be dropped. But with the “ip helper-address …” command, the router will accept that broadcast message and cover it into a unicast packet and forward it to the DHCP Server. The destination IP address of the unicast packet is taken from the “ip helper-address …” command.When a DHCP address conflict occursDuring the IP assignment process, the DHCP Server uses ping to test the availability of an IP before issuing it to the client. If no one replies then the DHCP Server believes that IP has not been allocated and it can safely assign that IP to a client. If someone answers the ping, the DHCP Server records a conflict, the address is then removed from the DHCP pool and it will not be assigned to a client until the administrator resolves the conflict manually.Configure a DHCP Server on Cisco routerInstead of using a separate computer/server as a DHCP Server, we can save the cost and configure a Cisco router (even a Layer 3 Cisco switch) to work as a DHCP Server. The following example configuration will complete this task:
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