Rebuild the application, including all dependent DLLs, and try again.
Ensure all dependent DLLs, services (like MSMQ) are available and running.
Check if one of your DLLs DllMain is returing failure, which causes the application to start. OS won't start, if any of DLL returns failure while initializing.
Ensure you have correct CRT/MFC versions for the Debug/Release DLL you are using, or have linked other DLLs/EXE with.
Use Dependency Walker to find out of any DLL is missing, not found, or of different platform.