articipatory action research has an extensive history in many fields of social
practice. Our aim in this chapter is to develop the view of participatory action
research that has shaped our own theory and practice during recent years.
We begin with a short overview of the evolution of our own thinking and the influence
of several generations of action research. In our chapter on “Participatory Action
Research” for the second edition of the Handbook, we identified several key approaches
to action research, the sites and settings where they are most frequently used, several criticisms
that have been advanced for each, and key sources to explore them (Kemmis &
McTaggart,2000).The approaches identified were a somewhat eclectic mix—participatory
research, classroom action research, action learning, action science, soft systems
approaches,and industrial action research.We summarize those approaches again here but
do not reiterate our views of them in this chapter.We acknowledge the influence of each
approach on the field and as stimulus to reflection on our own ideas and practices
articipatory action research has an extensive history in many fields of social
practice. Our aim in this chapter is to develop the view of participatory action
research that has shaped our own theory and practice during recent years.
We begin with a short overview of the evolution of our own thinking and the influence
of several generations of action research. In our chapter on “Participatory Action
Research” for the second edition of the Handbook, we identified several key approaches
to action research, the sites and settings where they are most frequently used, several criticisms
that have been advanced for each, and key sources to explore them (Kemmis &
McTaggart,2000).The approaches identified were a somewhat eclectic mix—participatory
research, classroom action research, action learning, action science, soft systems
approaches,and industrial action research.We summarize those approaches again here but
do not reiterate our views of them in this chapter.We acknowledge the influence of each
approach on the field and as stimulus to reflection on our own ideas and practices
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