The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the volatile compounds present in human milk after the application of different HPT treatments. For commercial sterilization of low-acid foods, such as milk, 12 log reductions of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type A spores are required. A thermal treatment with a process value F0 of 3 min has been adopted as the minimum standard for a sterilization process. However, at industrial level generally an F0 of 5 min is applied. Until today, the limit to reach a sterilization effect is not clear. Vervoort et al. (2012) established that an initial temperature of 90 °C was required to result in a maximum temperature of 124.8 °C after pressure build-up till 700 MPa. According to those authors, these conditions applied during a holding time of 3 min should correspond to a F0-value of at least 5 min. In the current paper, lower temperatures and shorter times than those required for sterilization were reached and they would be equivalent to a severe pasteurization treatment (Vervoort et al., 2012).