The present study demonstrates that Asian elephants.Elephants maximus.can successfully be trained to coop-erate in an olfactory discrimination test based on a food-rewarded two-alternative instrumental conditioning rocedure. The animals learned the basic principle of the test within only 60 trials and readily masterrd intra-modal stimulus transfer tasks. Further.they were capable of distinguishing between structurally related odor stimuli and remembered the reward value of previously learned odor stimuli after 2,4,8,adn 16 weeks of recess without any signs of forgetting. The precision and consistency of the elehants performance in tests of odor discrimination ability