. the high cost of real estate
means that living space is limited and there is no room for a large family. in previous eras a single wage earner was able to support a household.Today it is usually necessary for both parents to work.without child care that parents can afford or the help of grandparents couples may not want to have many children.Another reason for the low birthrate is the success of the women's movement.this has resulted in economic independence for many women.As women gain equality and independence they choose to follow careers and have children later.the wide availability of the birth control pill and access to abortion means they can more easily choose when or if they want to become a parent.